What are oxidising agents? Give two examples. Giving chemical equation of the reaction explain how are they used in the preparation of organic acids from alcohol?

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Solution

Dear Student!
Oxidizing agents are those compound which carry out oxidation of other substance either by providing oxygen or electronegative element or one or more electrons or by removing hydrogen or any other electropositive element from that substance.
Thus, oxidizing agents , themselves get reduced. So, oxidizing agent oxidizes other substance and itself get reduced. For ex: Cl₂, KMnO₄, HNO₃etc.
For ex: H₂S + Cl₂--> 2HCl + S
Here, H₂S gets oxidized to S while Cl₂ gets reduced to HCl . Hence, Cl₂ is the oxidizing agent which gets reduced to HCl.
Similarly, in presence of sulphuric acid, the KMnO₄, the ethanol (alcohol) is oxidized to form acetic acid as:
3C₂H₅OH + 2KMnO₄ +2H₂SO₄ ---> 3CH₃COOH + Mn₂SO₄ +K₂SO₄ + 5H₂O

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