What is source of emf and what is emf?
Emf is Electromotive force
Electromotive force (EMF) is the voltage generated by a battery (when it is in open circuit) or by the magnetic force according to Faraday's Law of Induction. EMF is classified as the external work expended per unit of charge to produce and electric potential difference across two open-circuited terminals.
Sources that can provide EMF include electrochemical cells, thermoelectric devices, solar cells, electrical generators, transformer, and even Van de Graaff generators. In nature, EMF is generated whenever magnetic field fluctuations occur through a surface.