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Question
Palaeontologists unearthed a human skull during excavation. A small fragment of the scalp tissue was still attached to it. Only little DNA could be extracted from it. If the genes of the ancient man need to be analysed, the best way of getting sufficient amount of DNA from this extract is
Palaeontologists unearthed a human skull during excavation. A small fragment of the scalp tissue was still attached to it. Only little DNA could be extracted from it. If the genes of the ancient man need to be analysed, the best way of getting sufficient amount of DNA from this extract is
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Solution
The correct option is B Subjecting the DNA to polymerase chain reaction
DNA probes are short DNA sequences that are used to identify the DNA fragment, out of a large number of DNA fragments, carrying the complementary nucleotide sequence. PCR - technique amplify the DNA sample in three steps namely denaturation of target DNA (thermal cycle to separate the DNA strands), annealing of primers to the ssDNA and polymerization (extension of primer into complete DNA strand complementary to the template strand). After completion of one cycle of PCR, two copies of the target DNA are produced both of which serve as the template for next PCR cycle. In gel electrophoresis, an electric field is applied to gel that makes the negatively charged DNA fragments to move through a matrix of gel and thereby allows sorting of these fragments according to their size. Restriction endonucleases recognize specific 4-6 bp long sequences, called as restriction sites, in the DNA and cut the DNA into fragments. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
DNA probes are short DNA sequences that are used to identify the DNA fragment, out of a large number of DNA fragments, carrying the complementary nucleotide sequence. PCR - technique amplify the DNA sample in three steps namely denaturation of target DNA (thermal cycle to separate the DNA strands), annealing of primers to the ssDNA and polymerization (extension of primer into complete DNA strand complementary to the template strand). After completion of one cycle of PCR, two copies of the target DNA are produced both of which serve as the template for next PCR cycle. In gel electrophoresis, an electric field is applied to gel that makes the negatively charged DNA fragments to move through a matrix of gel and thereby allows sorting of these fragments according to their size. Restriction endonucleases recognize specific 4-6 bp long sequences, called as restriction sites, in the DNA and cut the DNA into fragments. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
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