Question

Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of the bicarbonates of Ca, Mg and Fe.
If this is true enter 1, if false enter 0.

Answer 1

Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of the chlorides and sulphates of $Ca,Mg$ and $Fe$. It is also called as non-carbonate hardness (NCH).

Permanent hardness is not removed by boiling but can be removed by some chemical methods like lime- soda method, zeolite method and ion exchange methods.