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Question

Polarity in a molecule and hence the dipole moment depends primarily on electronegativity of the constituent atoms and shape of a molecule. Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?


A
HI
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B
CO2
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C
SO2
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D
H2O
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Solution

The correct option is D H2O

Dipole moment measures the polarity in a molecule and is indicated by μ

Structure of each molecule and its dipole moment is given:

(A) CO2 μnet=0 μ=0



(B) HI μnet0 μ=0.38 D



(C) H2O μ0 μ=1.84 D


(D) SO2 μ0 μ=1.62 D



The electronegativity difference between O and H atoms is maximum. So, H2O will have the highest dipole moment (i.e., 1.84 D).

Hence, (C) is the correct option.


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