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Polyploidy is caused due to
Polyploidy is caused due to
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The correct option is A failure of cytokinesis
Polyploidy refers to the condition in which there is an increase in the whole set of chromosomes in the cell leading to a deviation from its normal ploidy. It results due to failure of cytokinesis.
There are two distinct phases in cell division: karyokinesis (division of nucleus) and cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm).
Karyokinesis includes various phases like prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
During prophase, chromatin undergoes condensation to form distinct chromosomes.
Prophase is followed by metaphase, during which the chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate where attachment of spindle fibres with the kinetochore of the respective chromosomes takes place.
Misalignment of chromosomes at the metaphase will be detected by a cell cycle checkpoint which will prevent the transit of a cell to anaphase.
In anaphase, the sister chromatids get separated and are pulled towards the opposite poles. This separation is called disjunction of chromatids. But in some cases, the sister chromatids fail to separate, this is called nondisjunction of chromatids.
Nondisjunction of chromatids during anaphase leads to chromosomal disorders in human beings.
Anaphase is followed by telophase (final stage of karyokinesis) during which the chromatids, now called daughter chromosomes undergo decondensation.
Karyokinesis is followed by the division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis) that leads to the formation of two daughter cells.
Hence, the duplicated chromosomes are equally distributed to the daughter cells.
Polyploidy refers to the condition in which there is an increase in the whole set of chromosomes leading to a deviation from its normal ploidy. This situation is caused when the sets of chromatids, even after separating during anaphase, don't get distributed in the daughter cells due to failure of cytokinesis.
Polyploidy refers to the condition in which there is an increase in the whole set of chromosomes in the cell leading to a deviation from its normal ploidy. It results due to failure of cytokinesis.
There are two distinct phases in cell division: karyokinesis (division of nucleus) and cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm).
Karyokinesis includes various phases like prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
During prophase, chromatin undergoes condensation to form distinct chromosomes.
Prophase is followed by metaphase, during which the chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate where attachment of spindle fibres with the kinetochore of the respective chromosomes takes place.
Misalignment of chromosomes at the metaphase will be detected by a cell cycle checkpoint which will prevent the transit of a cell to anaphase.
In anaphase, the sister chromatids get separated and are pulled towards the opposite poles. This separation is called disjunction of chromatids. But in some cases, the sister chromatids fail to separate, this is called nondisjunction of chromatids.
Nondisjunction of chromatids during anaphase leads to chromosomal disorders in human beings.
Anaphase is followed by telophase (final stage of karyokinesis) during which the chromatids, now called daughter chromosomes undergo decondensation.
Karyokinesis is followed by the division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis) that leads to the formation of two daughter cells.
Hence, the duplicated chromosomes are equally distributed to the daughter cells.
Polyploidy refers to the condition in which there is an increase in the whole set of chromosomes leading to a deviation from its normal ploidy. This situation is caused when the sets of chromatids, even after separating during anaphase, don't get distributed in the daughter cells due to failure of cytokinesis.
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