Question

Potential difference across resting membrane is negatively charged. This is due to differential distribution of the following ions.

(a)$N{a}^{+}and{K}^{+}ions$ (b) $C{O}_3^{2-}andC{I}^{-}ions$

(c) $C{a}^{2+}andM{g}^{2+}ions$ (d) $C{a}^{+4}andC{I}^{-}ions$

Answer 1

(a) The ion gated channels on the neurolemma control the movement of $N{a}^{+}$ and $K^{+}$ ions on both inner and outer side of the nerve cell.

$C{a}^{2+},C{O}_3^{2-},M{g}^{2+}$ and $C{a}^{4+}$ ions are not related with nerve excitation rather are involved in other biological functions $C{a}^{+2}$ ions are related to muscle metabolism where $M{g}^{2+}$ ions act as a cofactor in some reactions.

$C{I}^{-}$ ion channels are important for setting cell resting membrane potential, transepithelial salt transport, and the acidification of internal and extracellular compartments.