Predict which one of the following groups will be most preferred in place of $X$ in the given compound?
$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - + C H - X$

C R_{3}

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N H^{-}

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C O O H

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N R_{3}^{+}

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Solution

The correct option is B $N H^{-}$
Carbocation is an electron deficient species. When an electron-donating group ( $+ I$ group) is attached to a electron deficient species, it stabilizes the positive charge and makes the carbocation stable.
Among the given options, only $- C R_{3}$ and $- N H^{-}$ groups show the $+ I$ effect. The electron-donating power of $- N H^{-}$ group is higher than that of $- C R_{3}$ group due to the formal negative charge.

Hence, the most preferred group in place of $X$ will be $N H^{-}$ .

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