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Q57. Consider the following statements related to the Delhi Sultanate architecture.
1. New features like Domes and Arches appeared in the buildings of the period.
2.
Hauz khas water tank was excavated during the reign of Khilji.
3. Ala-ud-din-khilji made contributions in Qutub Minar.
4. The construction of Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque built by Alaud-din-khilji.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are NOT correct?

A
(a) Only 1 and 2
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B
(b) Only 4
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C
(c) Only 1, 2 and 3
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D
(d) None of the above
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Solution

The correct option is B (b) Only 4

Indo Islamic architecture has produced some of the greatest monuments in the Islamic world partially because of the two reasons. First - the Islamic architecture had already passed its experimental phase by the time of the arrival of Islam in the subcontinent. However Second and most important reason is the availability of the skillful and experienced native craftsmen.
The arrival of Afghans and Turks brought new culture along with them which resulted in some drastic changes in the native culture of the India which was reflected in the field of architecture where new features like Domes and Arches appeared along with the new types of the buildings like Mosques, Madarsa, Mausoleum, Gardens etc. for the first time in most parts of the subcontinent.
Quwwat-ul-Islam (literally meaning Might of Islam) was the first mosque ever built in Delhi; it was built 1193 immediately after the Qutub-ud-din took control of Delhi (known as Qila Rai Pithora at that time) from Prithviraj. It consists of the courtyard surrounded by the pillared cloisters on the 3 sides. On the western side pillars are arranged in more elaborated fashion to form the sanctuary.
Qutb-ud-din Aibak, the governor of Delhi, the first sultan of the Delhi Sultanate (ruled 1206-1210 AD), started the construction of the Qutb Minar in 1192, which was completed after his death by his successor Iltutmish.

It is made of fluted red sandstone and marble and comprises several superposed flanged and cylindrical shafts, separated by balconies supported by Muqarnas corbels (an architectural ornamentation reminiscent of stalactites employed in traditional Islamic and Persian architecture). The walls of the minaret are covered with Indian floral motifs and verses from the Quran.


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