Dear student.
a. The structure is seed coat. Seed coat actually protects the seed from any damage such as physical, temperature related or water damage. The outer layer of seed called testa prevents the seed from drying, freezing and some times from the effect of fire. Testa as an outer layer provides a time delay factor which take care of the right time for the germination of the seed.
b. Hypophysis give rise to the radicle, after emergence of radicle, hypocotyl pushes the growing tip, which gives rise to plumule.
Regards.