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Question
Read the following statements related to hepatitis B vaccine and select the correct option. (T-True, F-False)
A. The hepatitis B vaccine has whole killed pathogens.
B. Yeast cells are used for the preparation of hepatitis B vaccine.
C. An antigen coding gene isolated from the hepatitis B virus is inserted into a bacterial plasmid vector for vaccine production.
Read the following statements related to hepatitis B vaccine and select the correct option. (T-True, F-False)
A. The hepatitis B vaccine has whole killed pathogens.
B. Yeast cells are used for the preparation of hepatitis B vaccine.
C. An antigen coding gene isolated from the hepatitis B virus is inserted into a bacterial plasmid vector for vaccine production.
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Solution
The correct option is D A - F, B - T, C - T
Introduction of vaccines into an individual to provide protection against a particular disease is called vaccination.
There are different types of vaccines depending on the component of the pathogen used for the production of vaccines. They can be preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens or pathogens that have lost the ability to cause disease but retain the ability to stimulate immunity (live attenuated/weakened vaccines) or killed pathogens (inactivated vaccines) which on inoculation into a healthy person provides temporary/permanent active immunity.
An example of the vaccine which contains only antigenic polypeptides of pathogen is the hepatitis B vaccine, because it contains only antigen from the virus, but not the whole virus. Antigen is a foreign substance which can generate an immune response. Hence statement A is false.
In the production of hepatitis B vaccines, an antigen encoding gene isolated from the hepatitis B virus is inserted into a bacterial plasmid vector. Following this, the vector is introduced into the yeast (host cell). Then the transformed yeast with the gene isolated from the hepatitis B virus is grown in a fermentation tank which allows easier large-scale production of the HB (hepatitis B ) antigens. These antigens are then purified and used as the HB vaccines. Hence statements B and C are true.
Vaccines produced using this approach of rDNA technology allow large scale production and hence greater availability for immunisation.
Production of hepatitis B vaccine
Introduction of vaccines into an individual to provide protection against a particular disease is called vaccination.
There are different types of vaccines depending on the component of the pathogen used for the production of vaccines. They can be preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens or pathogens that have lost the ability to cause disease but retain the ability to stimulate immunity (live attenuated/weakened vaccines) or killed pathogens (inactivated vaccines) which on inoculation into a healthy person provides temporary/permanent active immunity.
An example of the vaccine which contains only antigenic polypeptides of pathogen is the hepatitis B vaccine, because it contains only antigen from the virus, but not the whole virus. Antigen is a foreign substance which can generate an immune response. Hence statement A is false.
In the production of hepatitis B vaccines, an antigen encoding gene isolated from the hepatitis B virus is inserted into a bacterial plasmid vector. Following this, the vector is introduced into the yeast (host cell). Then the transformed yeast with the gene isolated from the hepatitis B virus is grown in a fermentation tank which allows easier large-scale production of the HB (hepatitis B ) antigens. These antigens are then purified and used as the HB vaccines. Hence statements B and C are true.
Vaccines produced using this approach of rDNA technology allow large scale production and hence greater availability for immunisation.
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