Read the passage and answer the following questions.
A bacterial strain used in a commercial fermenter converts substance A to substance B using enzyme Y. The same strain also contains enzyme Z which converts substance B to substance A. For each molecule of substance A, one molecule of substance B is produced and vice versa. The relative activities of enzymes Y and Z are given in the graph below. To maximise the production of substance B, at which temperature should the bacterial strain be fermented?

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Solution

The correct option is B 20 $^{o}$ C
The enzymes are biological catalysts. The activity of enzymes is sensitive for changes in temperature. In the given graph, the enzyme Y has a temperature optimum of 20 $^{o}$ C while enzyme Z has a temperature optimum of 35 $^{o}$ C. Also at 20 $^{o}$ C, the activity of enzyme Z is least. To maximise the production of substance B, we require activity of enzyme Y and not enzyme Z. Hence, if fermentation is carried out at temperature 20 $^{o}$ C, there will be more production of substance B.

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$A$	$0.6 g^{- 1}$ $^{o} C^{- 1}$
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^{o}

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^{o}

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