The correct option is C Cohen and Boyer
Recombinant DNA technology allows the insertion of a piece of DNA into the host DNA and hence it has made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms. In this method, the recombinant DNA is transferred to a host cell to generate the desired character.
Har Gobind Khorana worked on genetic codes. He developed chemical methods for synthesizing RNA molecules with defined combinations of bases.
Bateson was the first person to use the term genetics and popularised the ideas of Gregor Mendel.
Hugo de Vries put forward the mutation theory of evolution. According to him new species are formed by the sudden and unexpected alterations or single step large mutations.
Sutton proposed that the Mendelian laws of inheritance could be applied to chromosomes. He proposed that chromosomes carry the units of inheritance and occur in distinct pairs.
Oswald Avery performed an experiment to prove that DNA is the ‘transforming principle’.
Cohen and Boyer made the first recombinant DNA in 1972 by linking an antibiotic resistance gene with a naive plasmid from Salmonella typhimurium. This laid the foundation for recombinant DNA technology.
Hence the correct option is
d. Cohen and Boyer