The correct option is B of
Option B: The preposition 'of' when paired with 'make' forms a phrasal verb which means 'to understand someone or the meaning of something in a particular way. It is relevant to the sentence, which asks the listener: What do you understand from all of this? Hence Option B is correct.
Option A: The phrase 'make to' does not provide a complete meaning; 'to' is used to indicate a direction or towards someone/something. Hence A is incorrect.
Option C: Similarly, 'by' does not fit into the sentence as it does not provide the required meaning. As a preposition, 'by' is used to indicate a means to achieve something, for example, 'I can earn money by selling fresh food.' It doesn't serve a purpose here, hence C is incorrect.
Option D: 'For' is used to indicate a purpose or reason, or means 'the sake of'. It isn't relevant to the given sentence, hence D is also incorrect.