Question

Select the incorrect statement regarding soil erosion

• A. Soil erosion reduces the water retention capacity of the soil
• B. Soil erosion reduces the inorganic content of soil
• C. Soil erosion increases the water retention capacity of the soil
• D. Soil erosion can result in arid patches of land

Answer 1

The correct option is C Soil erosion increases the water retention capacity of the soil

Soil is a reservoir of nutrients, it not only supplies minerals but also harbours nitrogen-fixing bacteria, holds water and acts as a matrix that stabilises the plant.

However, activities such as over-cultivation, unrestricted grazing, deforestation (clearing or thinning of forests by humans) and poor irrigation practices can remove the top fertile layers of soil and this is called soil erosion.

Firstly, soil erosion reduces the capacity of the soil to hold water. This subjects crops to more frequent and severe water stress. Water infiltration is reduced, and seedlings have a harder time breaking through the soil crust.

Secondly, erosion contributes to loss of mineral nutrients, which get washed away with the topsoil particles.

Thirdly, erosion reduces yields by degrading soil structure, increasing soil erodibility, surface sealing and crusting.

Soil erosion also results in arid patches of land which are usually barren.