Showing more sales and expenses than actual is a way of tax evasion.
On the death of his father, Imran joined his father’s partnership firm, he was a minor partner. On becoming major, he closely observed the following practices in the firm. (i) Overbilling the invoice. (ii) Sales tax evasion. (iii) Showing higher amount of wages in book of accounts but actually paying low amount. (iv) Undervaluation of the stock than actually available.
Identify the values affected here.