The correct option is D One explanation for the remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts from Alaska to Greenland is that there was
The use of 'explained as' in option A is wrong. In the given context, 'explained as' should be substituted with 'explained by'. In option B, 'being remarkable' is used as a modifier which is grammatically unacceptable. Where option C seems to be a fragment, option E uses two adjectives next to each other and it does not make sense - instead of 'remarkable similar' it should be 'remarkably similar'. Thus, option D is the only option that fits the context.