Question

State your observation, when diluted hydrochloric acid is added to sodium carbonate crystals.

Answer 1

• When dilute hydrochloric acid $\left(\mathrm{HCl}\right)$ is added to sodium carbonate $\left({\mathrm{NaCO}}_3\right)$ crystals, carbon dioxide gas is released with brisk effervescence.
• This reaction is called a neutralization reaction as sodium carbonate (basic salt) is treated with hydrochloric acid (acid) given salt $\left(\mathrm{NaCl}\right)$ and water.

Chemical equation:

$\underset{\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{carbonate}}{{\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Hydrochloric}\mathrm{acid}}{2\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{dil}.)}\to \underset{\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{chloride}}{2\mathrm{NaCl}\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)+{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)$