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Question
Study the graph given below and name the three phases of PCR indicated by 1, 2 and 3.
Study the graph given below and name the three phases of PCR indicated by 1, 2 and 3.
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Solution
The correct option is D 1-Denaturation, 2-Annealing,
3-Extension
PCR or polymerase chain reaction is a technique used in molecular biology to create several copies of a certain DNA segment.
This involves using two sets of primers (forward primer and reverse primer which attach to the 3’ OH ends of the DNA strands oriented in 3’→5’ and 5’→3’ polarity, respectively) and thermostable DNA polymerase.
There are 3 steps involved:
Denaturation: separation of the two strands of double-stranded DNA by application of heat at 94-96°C.
Annealing: hybridisation of two primers with specific sequences of each of the strands of the DNA. This process is carried out at 55-65°C.
Extension: Taq DNA polymerase synthesises DNA by adding dNTPs (deoxynucleoside triphosphates) to the free ends of the two primers - forward and reverse. The extension of DNA is carried out at 72°C. This helps in synthesizing complementary strands.
Renaturation is when the hydrogen bonds reformulate between the complementary DNA strands making it double-stranded structure again.
3-Extension
PCR or polymerase chain reaction is a technique used in molecular biology to create several copies of a certain DNA segment.
This involves using two sets of primers (forward primer and reverse primer which attach to the 3’ OH ends of the DNA strands oriented in 3’→5’ and 5’→3’ polarity, respectively) and thermostable DNA polymerase.
There are 3 steps involved:
Denaturation: separation of the two strands of double-stranded DNA by application of heat at 94-96°C.
Annealing: hybridisation of two primers with specific sequences of each of the strands of the DNA. This process is carried out at 55-65°C.
Extension: Taq DNA polymerase synthesises DNA by adding dNTPs (deoxynucleoside triphosphates) to the free ends of the two primers - forward and reverse. The extension of DNA is carried out at 72°C. This helps in synthesizing complementary strands.
Renaturation is when the hydrogen bonds reformulate between the complementary DNA strands making it double-stranded structure again.
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