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B
simple filtration
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C
distillation
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D
chromatography
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Solution
The correct option is A membrane filtration Membrane filtration separates materials based on their size, regardless of the state of matter allowing for separating without the addition of an energy intensive and expensive phase change process, such as evaporation or distillation.
The ability to retain particles or molecules that are small enough to pass through an ordinary filter is the key advantage of the membrane filtration system.
As an example, a solution of dissolved sugar in water can be separated into sugar and water by applying pressure across a membrane designed with the proper pore size for the sugar.