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Question

The bond order of carbonyl (C−O) bond after back-bonding:

A
Increases.
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B
Decreases.
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C
Remains constant.
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D
Cannot be predicted.
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Solution

The correct option is B Decreases.
Synergic bonding interactions are present in metal carbonyls. The sigma bond is formed when lone pair of electrons of carbonyl carbon is donated to vacant orbital of metal. To form a pi bond, an electron pair donated from filled metal d orbital to vacant anti bonding pi orbital of CO. This involves lateral overlap of orbitals. Due to this the electron density in the bonding pi orbitals of CO decreases and antibonding pi orbitals increases. This decreases the bond order.

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