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Organization of Nervous System

The diffusion...

Question

The diffusion of potassium ions out of a neuron after depolarisation causes _____.

A

Repolarization

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B

Action potential

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C

Nerve impulse

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D

Depolarization

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Solution

The correct option is A
Repolarization

The diffusion of potassium ions out of a neuron causes regain of resting potential. The resting membrane potential is restored due to action of voltage gated (K⁺) channels which open due to membrane depolarisation and cause efflux of (K⁺) ions out of the neuron. It continues till the resting potential becomes -70 mV. This process of attaining resting potential after action potential is called repolarisation.

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Q. Very short answer type.
An action potential consists of depolarization and repolarization. Which are the channels open during depolarization and during repolarization?

Q. A list of events occurring in the transmission of nerve impulse across the synapse is given below in a random order.
(i) Opening of specific ion channels allows the entry of ions, a new action potential is generated in the post-synaptic neuron.
(ii) Neurotransmitter binds to the receptor on post synaptic membrane.
(iii) Synaptic vesicle fuses with pre-synaptic membrane, neurotransmitter release into synaptic cleft.
(iv) Depolarisation of pre-synaptic membrane.
(v) Arrival of action potential at axon terminal.
Which of the following options represents these events in a correct order?

Q. Match the following stages of action potential to its corresponding state of ion movement

I. Depolarization stage (p). (K⁺) ions move outside the cell
II. Repolarization stage (q). (Na⁺) ions move inside the cell
III. Hyperpolarization stage (r). No net ion movement
IV. Resting stage (s). (K⁺) ions move into the cell
V. Threshold potential (t). Ligand gated sodium channels open
VI. Stimulus reaches the neuron (u). Voltage gated sodium channels open

Explain the following processes:

(a) Polarisation of the membrane of a nerve fibre

(b) Depolarisation of the membrane of a nerve fibre

(c) Conduction of a nerve impulse along a nerve fibre

(d) Transmission of a nerve impulse across a chemical synapse

Q. After a nerve impulse is produced by a neuron, what returns the neuron to its resting state?

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