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Mathematics of Dipole Moment

The experimen...

Question

The experimental value of the dipole moment of HCl is 1.03 D. The length of the H-Cl bond is 1.275 $A^{\circ}$ . The percentage of ionic character in HCl is :

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Solution

The correct option is D 17
The percent ionic character $= \frac{O b s e r v e d d i p o l e m o m e n t}{C a l c u l a t e d d i p o l e m o m e n t (a s s u m i n g 100 % i o n i c b o n d)} \times$ 100.
So, dipole moment (assuming 100% ionic bond) $= e \times d = 4.8 \times 10^{- 10} \times 1.275 \times 10^{- 8} = 6.12 \times 10^{- 18}$ .
So, percent ionic character $= (1.03 / 6.12) \times 100 \approx 17$ %

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