The functional group in an alcohol is known as a 1 group. In ethers, the oxygen is attached to two 2 groups. The functional group in aldehydes and ketones is a 3 group. In aldehydes, the functional group is attached to at least one 4 atom. The heteroatom in an amine is a 5 atom. The functional group of carboxylic acid is a 6 group. In esters, a hydrocarbon group replaces a 7 in the carboxylic acid, whereas in amides an amine group replaces the 8 group of the acid.

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Solution

The functional group in an alcohol is known as a hydroxyl $(- O H)$ group. In ethers, $(R - O - R^{'})$ , the oxygen is attached to two alkyl groups $(- R, - R^{'})$ . The functional group in aldehydes $(R - C H O)$ and ketones $(R - C O - R^{'})$ is a carbonyl group. In aldehydes, the functional group is attached to at least $(H - C H O$ , formaldehyde and $C H_{3} - C H O$ , ethanal $)$ one hydrogen atom. The heteroatom in an amine ( $- N H_{2}$ ) is a nitrogen atom. The functional group of carboxylic acid is a $- C O O H$ group. In esters, a hydrocarbon group replaces a hydrogen atom in the carboxylic acid, whereas in amides and amine group replaces the $- O H$ group of the acid.

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