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Question

The linear shape of CO2 is due to


A
pπpπ bonding between carbon and oxygen
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B
sp3 hybridisation of carbon
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C
sp2 hybridisation of carbon
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D
sp hybridisation of
carbon
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Solution

The correct option is D sp hybridisation of
carbon

In CO2 , C forms 2 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds with 2 different oxygen atoms.

Hybridisation of C atom due to 2 sigma bonds is sp. There is no lone pair on C atom as it has only 4 valence electrons and all of those are involved in bonding.

Carbon uses one 2s and one 2p electrons to form two sigma bonds with two different O atoms.

Both the O atom have configuration:



Both the O atoms use their one 2p electron to form a sigma bond with the C atom.

When both these O atoms form a second bond with the same C atom, it results in the formation of a pi bond.

These pi bond is formed by 2p electrons of C and 2p electrons of O atom and hence it is called pπpπ bonding.

Due to sp hybridisation and no lone pair on C atom and pπpπ bonding , CO2 has a linear shape.






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