The monohybrid genotypic ratio 1 : 2 : 1 is F2 generation indicates
Mendel in his monohybrid cross experiment, self-crossed the F1 hybrids(Tt), F2 generation is raised. In the F2 generation, 3 tall plants and 1 dwarf plant phenotypically or 1(TT) 2(Tt) 1(tt) genotypically are formed. He stated that each factor in a pair separate during gamete formation so that each gamete receives only one factor for each character. It is called Law of Segregation or purity of gametes. It occurs during the process of meiosis.
So the correct option is ‘Segregation’.