The correct option is C Succession
The transition in the species composition of a given area is called as ecological succession.This takes place due to the change in the environmental conditions in a geographical area. During succession some species colonise at an area and their populations become more numerous, whereas populations of other species decline and even disappear. The time scale can be decades (for example, after a wildfire), or even millions of years after a mass extinction. Thus, the correct answer is option C.