The correct option is B parthenogenesis
An organism can develop without fertilisation from the female gametes. This process is called parthenogenesis. It is seen in certain organisms like rotifers, honey bees. In this case, the offspring will be identical to the female parent since there is no fusion of gametes.
Syngamy is the process of fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. It is also called fertilization.
The process of gamete formation is called gametogenesis.