Question

The Security Council is the most important and effective organ of the UN. In this context, answer the following:
(a) What is the main objective of the Security Council?
(b) What is meant by the term Veto power? Name the countries which have Veto power in the Security Council.
(c) Mention any four functions of the Security Council.

Answer 1

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations with the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security.

UNSC is composed of 15 Members: five permanent members: China, France, Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly. The United Nations Security Council "veto power" refers to the power of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council i.e. China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and the United States to veto any "substantive" resolution.

Functions:

1. In cases where conflict is occurring, the Council may issue ceasefire directives, send in UN peacekeeping forces or use enforcement actions, such as sanctions.

2. To recommend to the parties that they reach agreement through peaceful means.

3. Appoint, or ask the UN Secretary-General to appoint, special representatives to assist and guide efforts towards conflict resolution.

4. To recommend the admission of new Members.