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Question

The species present in the solution when CO2 is dissolved in water are:

A
CO2,H2CO3,HCO3,CO23
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B
H2CO3,CO23
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C
CO23,HCO3
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D
CO2,H2CO3
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Solution

The correct option is A CO2,H2CO3,HCO3,CO23

CO2 has low solubility in water and forms carbonic acid after reacting with water.

CO2+H2OH2CO3
H2CO3H++HCO3
HCO3H++CO23

THEORY
Properties:

  • CO2 is a colorless and odorless gas.
  • CO2 has low solubility in water and forms carbonic acid after reacting with water. H2CO3 is a weak dibasic acid and dissociates in two steps.

H2CO3(aq)+H2O(l)HCO3(aq)+H3O+(aq)
HCO3(aq)+H2O(l)CO23(aq)+H3O+(aq)

H2CO3/HCO3 buffer system helps to maintain pH of blood between 7.26 to 7.42. Being acidic in nature, it combines with alkali metals to form metal carbonates.

  • Removal from the atmosphere by photosynthesis.

6CO2+12H2Ohν−−−−−−ChlorophyllC6H12O6+6O2+6H2O

  • It is the process by which green plants convert atmospheric CO2 into carbohydrates such as glucose.
  • Plants make food for themselves as well as for animals and human beings through photosynthesis.
  • Unlike CO, it is not poisonous. But the increase in combustion of fossil fuels and decomposition of limestone for cement manufacture has increased the CO2 content of the atmosphere.
  • This may lead to an increase in the greenhouse effect and thus, raise the temperature of the atmosphere.
    Uses of CO2:
    1. Gaseous CO2 is extensively used in carbonated soft drinks.
    2. Being heavy and non-supporter of combustion, it is used as a fire extinguisher.
    3. A substantial amount of CO2 is used to manufacture urea.
    4. CO2 produced in solid form as dry ice is used as a refrigerant for frozen foods.

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