Question

This statement describes the Hardy - Weinberg principle at it’s best:-

• A. It is impossible to predict expected allele frequencies mathematically
• B. In large populations, dominant alleles become more prevalent
• C. Allele frequency changes over a period of time in a large population
• D. Random mating in a large population unaffected by external forces of evolution preserves its allele frequency

Answer 1

The correct option is D Random mating in a large population unaffected by external forces of evolution preserves its allele frequency

Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium is based on the constancy of allele frequency in a given population which is large and has random mating, unless and until it gets affected by external factors like gene flow, genetic drift etc. In a large population, movement of genes outside the population produces significant change in the population.

Hardy Weinberg equilibrium is expressed as

$p^2+2\mathrm{pq}+q^2=1$

where,
$p^2$ represent homozygous dominant
$q^2$ represent homozygous recessive 2pq represents heterozygous dominant