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Chemical Reactivity

Two elements ...

Question

Two elements X and Y have L and M as valence shells and can form stable di negative ions. But, they also form covalent compounds with hydrogen. One is a gas (the compound with Y) and one is a liquid (the compound with X) at room temperature. Identify X and Y and the compounds. Give a reason for their respective physical states.

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Solution

$X ⟶$ Oxygen $⟶$ Valency= $2$
$Y ⟶$ Sulphur $⟶$ Valency= $2$
with $H$ they form $⟶ H_{2} O$ (liquid)
$H_{2} S$ (gas)
At room temperature, they exist as liquid and gas.
$H_{2} O$ exist in the liquid state whereas $H_{2} S$ exist in the gas state. This is because of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding present in $H_{2} O$ which is not present in $H_{2} S$ .

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