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Darwinism

Variation is ...

Question

Variation is the phenomenon in which nature selects organisms having traits favourable to the environment.

A

True

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B

False

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Solution

The correct option is B False
Natural selection is the phenomenon wherein nature selects organisms having traits favourable to the environment. The organisms exhibit different characteristics due to different variations. If these characteristics are favoured by the natural environment, the organisms with these variations survive. Thus, evolution is the outcome of natural selection.

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Q. Assertion :As favourable variations are transmitted from generation to generation, successive generations become better adapted to the environment, more over, new adaptations may arise due to changing environment. In this way, the adaptive traits preserved by natural selection, will gradually change the characteristics of a species. Reason: This explains the origin of species.

Q. Select the mismatched pairs.

(i) Hugo de Vries - mutations are sudden changes
(ii) Lamarck - nature selects organisms with favourable variations known as natural selection
(iii) Coacervates - group of organic compound
(iv) Darwin - organs develop more if used and will be removed if disused

Q. Select the mismatched pairs.
(i) Hugo de Vries - Mutations are sudden, random changes
(ii) Lamarck - Nature selects organisms with favourable variations and this mechanism of evolution is called natural selection
(iii) Ichthyosaurs - Reptiles
(iv) Darwin - Organs develop more if used and will degenerate if disused

Q. The type of natural selection in which new species evolve due to the extreme forms of trait being favoured by nature while intermediate forms are selected against.

Q. Read the following statements
I) Directional selection occurs when natural selection favours one extreme of continuous variation.
II)Disruptive selection occurs when natural selection favours both extremes of continuous variation.
III) In directional selection, a population's genetic variance shifts toward a new phenotype when exposed to environmental changes.
IV)Random changes in gene frequencies due to chance in large population is called genetic drift.
True statements are

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