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Question

Water is not required for fertilization in


A

Pteridophytes

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B

Bryophytes

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C

Algae

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D

Gymnosperms

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Solution

The correct option is D

Gymnosperms


Gymnosperms do not require water for fertilization. In gymnosperms, two types of spores are produced, so the haploid stage can start as either a male or female spore. The microspore is the small, male spore. This spore will undergo mitosis in order to produce the multicellular male gametophyte. In spring, the tree will release large amounts of pollen. These pollen grains that contain the male gametophyte will travel by air and hopefully land on an ovulate cone. A pollen tube then develops in order for the newly produced male gamete to reach and fertilize the female gamete.

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