We know that h +ion when added to h2o gives us hydronium ion (h3o) + where h+ ion joins itself to one of the lone pair of h20 molecule but,

Can another h+ ion would form a dative bond to a remaining lone pair in h2o to form (h4o)2+ ion???

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Solution

Neutral H₂O has 2 lone pairs, which could theoretically both form a bond with a proton to give the H₄O²⁺ ion. So, from a structural point of view, there is no problem. But as John Cuthber suggests, even if this reaction is theoretically possible, the equilibrium might be so far in the direction of the H₃O⁺ (and also H₂O), that there is not a single H₄O²⁺ in all the world's oceans.

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Ammonia molecule has one lone pair of electrons. It combines with hydroxyl ions of water to form ammonium ions through a coordinate bond.

Q. What do you understand by a lone pair of electrons?
Draw the electron dot diagram of Hydronium ion.

(H = 1; O = 8)

(i) What is a lone pair of electrons?
(ii) Draw an electron dot diagram of a hydronium ion and label the lone pair of electrons.
(iii) Name a neutral covalent molecule which contains one lone pair of electrons.

H^{+}

ions and

O H^{-}

ions combine to form neutral water molecules in a neutralization reaction.

Q. Why does hydrogen ion combines with a water molecule to form a hydronium ion?

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We know that h +ion when added to h2o gives us hydronium ion (h3o) + where h+ ion joins itself to one of the lone pair of h20 molecule but, Can another h+ ion would form a dative bond to a remaining lone pair in h2o to form (h4o)2+ ion???

We know that h +ion when added to h2o gives us hydronium ion (h3o) + where h+ ion joins itself to one of the lone pair of h20 molecule but,

Can another h+ ion would form a dative bond to a remaining lone pair in h2o to form (h4o)2+ ion???