Question

Define Nitrating Agents.

Answer 1

Nitration:

• It is the process of introducing nitro into an organic compound.
• It is used for applying nitrogen to a ring of benzene and can be used as a replacement reaction.
• Nitrogen present in a ring, can be used as directing group as well as a masking amino group.
• Nitration mixture is prepared by cooling an amount of condensing Sulfuric Acid, normally in an ice bath.

Nitrating Agents;

• Nitrogen Pentoxide $\left({\mathrm{N}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_5\right)$
• Nitrogen tetroxide $\left({\mathrm{N}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_4\right)$
• Mixture of Nitric Acid with Sulfuric Acid, Acetic Acid, Acetic Anhydride, Phosphoric Acid, and Chloroform