What are saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons? How will you identify a hydrocarbon from its formula?

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Solution

Part 1 :
A saturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon in which there is only a single bond between Carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain. For example, Alkane.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon in which there is a double or triple bond between any adjacent Carbon atoms. For example, alkenes & alkynes.
Part 2:
Hydrocarbons, saturated or unsaturated can be identified by the structural formula :
The general formula for the saturated hydrocarbon is $C_{n} H_{2 n + 2}$ , where n is the number of Carbon atoms.
The general formula for alkene (unsaturated hydrocarbon) is $C_{n} H_{2 n}$ .
The general formula for alkyne (unsaturated hydrocarbon) is $C_{n} H_{2 n - 2}$ .

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