a) Water pollution occurs due to a number of reasons such as:
(i) Dumping of domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastes in water
(ii) Occurrence of oil spills in the oceans
(iii) Washing clothes, bathing of animals, etc. in or near water sources
(b) Water pollution can be controlled by:
(i) Restricting ourselves from dumping domestic wastes into water bodies
(ii) Educating people properly about the ill-effects of water pollution
(iii) Controlling the over usage of fertilisers and pesticides