What are the different types of deficiency diseases?
What are the different types of deficiency diseases?
Vitamin deficiency:
- They are organic compounds that are not synthesized by the body.
- They are taken along with food.
- They are needed in small quantities hence they are called micronutrients.
- The deficiencies of vitamin in the food leads to deficiency symptoms.
Examples of Vitamin deficiency diseases:
- Fat-soluble vitamins
Vitamins
Deficiency diseases
Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
Beri-beri, loss of apetite
Riboflavin(Vitamin B2)
Chellosis, sores at the corner of the mouth, skin disorders
Nicotinamide(Vitamin B3)
Pellagra, skin problems, diarrhoea.
Pantothenic acid(Vitamin B5)
Fatigue, muscle cramps
Pyridoxine(Vitamin B6)
Anaemia, diarrhoea
Cyanocobalamine(Vitamin B12)
Pernicious anaemia
Biotin
Dermatitis, skin problems
Folic acid(Vitamin B9)
Megaloblastic anaemia
Ascorbic acid(Vitamin C)
Scurvy, poor bone growth, slow healing
- Water-soluble vitamins
Vitamins Deficiency diseases Retinol(Vitamin A)
Xeropthalmia, night blindness
Calciferol(Vitamin D)
Rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults
Tocopherol(Vitamin E)
Reproductive failure, muscular dystrophy, macrocytic anaemia
Phylloquinone(Vitamin K)
Profused and prolonged bleeding, clotting time increases.
Mineral deficiency:
- They are inorganic molecules that are required in various biological processes.
- They are essential nutrients but are needed in trace amounts.
- Their deficiency causes deficiency diseases.
Minerals Deficiency diseases Calcium Osteopenia decreased calcium density in bones, risk of bone fractures Iron Anaemia Magnesium Weakness, nausea, vomiting Potassium Excessive fluid loss, kidney disease Zinc Loss of taste, smell, and appetite Iodine Goitre, swelling in the neck Sodium Excessive fluid loss, heart disease Phosphorous Underdeveloped teeth and bones Manganese Teeth grinding, convulsions, muscle contractions.
Vitamin deficiency:
- They are organic compounds that are not synthesized by the body.
- They are taken along with food.
- They are needed in small quantities hence they are called micronutrients.
- The deficiencies of vitamin in the food leads to deficiency symptoms.
Examples of Vitamin deficiency diseases:
- Fat-soluble vitamins
Vitamins | Deficiency diseases |
Thiamine (Vitamin B1) | Beri-beri, loss of apetite |
Riboflavin(Vitamin B2) | Chellosis, sores at the corner of the mouth, skin disorders |
Nicotinamide(Vitamin B3) | Pellagra, skin problems, diarrhoea. |
Pantothenic acid(Vitamin B5) | Fatigue, muscle cramps |
Pyridoxine(Vitamin B6) | Anaemia, diarrhoea |
Cyanocobalamine(Vitamin B12) | Pernicious anaemia |
Biotin | Dermatitis, skin problems |
Folic acid(Vitamin B9) | Megaloblastic anaemia |
Ascorbic acid(Vitamin C) | Scurvy, poor bone growth, slow healing |
- Water-soluble vitamins
| Vitamins | Deficiency diseases |
Retinol(Vitamin A) | Xeropthalmia, night blindness |
Calciferol(Vitamin D) | Rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults |
Tocopherol(Vitamin E) | Reproductive failure, muscular dystrophy, macrocytic anaemia |
Phylloquinone(Vitamin K) | Profused and prolonged bleeding, clotting time increases. |
Mineral deficiency:
- They are inorganic molecules that are required in various biological processes.
- They are essential nutrients but are needed in trace amounts.
- Their deficiency causes deficiency diseases.
| Minerals | Deficiency diseases |
| Calcium | Osteopenia decreased calcium density in bones, risk of bone fractures |
| Iron | Anaemia |
| Magnesium | Weakness, nausea, vomiting |
| Potassium | Excessive fluid loss, kidney disease |
| Zinc | Loss of taste, smell, and appetite |
| Iodine | Goitre, swelling in the neck |
| Sodium | Excessive fluid loss, heart disease |
| Phosphorous | Underdeveloped teeth and bones |
| Manganese | Teeth grinding, convulsions, muscle contractions. |
