Question

What are the factors responsible for soil formation?

Answer 1

Soil: The uppermost layer of the Earth that is formed of organic matter and inorganic minerals is called soil.

The factors responsible for soil formation are as follows:

1. Sun: Sunlight falls on large rocks making them expand, and at the night they condense. This causes cracking of the rocks which leads to the formation of soil.
2. Water: Water gets into cracks formed by the sun and when it freezes, the rocks crack. This leads to the denudation of the rock surface and forms soil.
3. Wind: Wind carries small particles of rock surfaces to different areas that form the soil.
4. Living organisms: Lichens that produce acids corrode the rocky surface to form small particles and eventually soil is formed by the deposition of these particles.