The electron transport chain is a set of four protein complexes that link redox processes to create an electrochemical gradient that results in the production of ATP in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. In both cellular respiration and photosynthesis, it occurs in mitochondria.
An exergonic process is the flow of electrons through the electron transport chain. The redox processes provide an electrochemical proton gradient, which drives adenosine triphosphate production (ATP). The flow of electrons in aerobic respiration comes to a halt when molecular oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor.
ETC consists of four complexes: NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), Succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II), Cytochrome b and c1 (Complex III), and Cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV).