What are the laws of mendel.Why is he known as father of genetics????
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The Mendel’s four postulates and laws of inheritance are:
(1) Principles of Paired Factors
(2) Principle of Dominance
(3) Law of Segregation or Law of Purity of Gametes (Mendel’s First Law of Inheritance) and
(4) Law of Independent Assortment (Mendel’s Second Law of Inheritance).
Postulate-I. Principles of Paired Factors: A character is represented in an organism (diploid) by at least two factors. The two factors lie on the two homologous chromosomes at the same locus. They may represent the same (homologous, e.g., TT in case of pure tall pea plants) or alternate expression (heterozygous, e.g., Tt in case of hybrid tall pea plants) of the same character. Factors representing the alternate or same form of a character are called alleles or allelomorphs.
Postulate II. Principle of Dominance: “When two homozygous individuals with one or more sets of contrasting characters are crossed, the characters which appear in the hybrids of F1 generation are always the dominant characters and those do not appear in F1 offspring’s are always the recessive characters”.
Postulate III. Law of Segregation or Law of Purity of Gametes (Mendel’s First Law of Inheritance): The two factors (alleles) of a trait which remain together in an individual do not get mixed up but keep their identity distinct, separate at the time of gametogenesis (i.e., gametes formation) or sporogenesis (i.e., spores formation), get randomly distributed to different gametes and then get paired again in different offspring’s as per the principle of probability. Since two alleles remain together in pure form without mixing, affecting or blending each other, the law of segregation is also known as “law of purity of gametes”.
Postulate IV. Law of Independent Assortment (Mendel’s Second Law of Inheritance): After being satisfied with monohybrid crosses, Mendel took into consideration two pairs of contrasting characters and studied their inheritance (i.e., di-hybrid cross).
According to this law “the two factors (genes) of each contrasting character (trait) assort or separate independently of the factors of other characters at the time of gamete formation and get randomly rearranged in the offspring”.
Why mendal is known as father of genetics?
Gregor Mendel was the first to perform genetic experiments in a scientific way. Unfortunately, being a monk, he did not use scientifical ways to promote his findings. He published as a monk would do. His experiments were what people had done for at most 10,000 years before and what is known as "domestication". But whereas domestication serves other needs Mendel was the first to perform such experiments to the only purpose to gain insight into genetic processes.
Most findings of Gregor Mendel proved valid up to today, in spite of hughe investments in this area of research, already running for a century.
All these made him the father of genetics.
The Mendel’s four postulates and laws of inheritance are:
(1) Principles of Paired Factors
(2) Principle of Dominance
(3) Law of Segregation or Law of Purity of Gametes (Mendel’s First Law of Inheritance) and
(4) Law of Independent Assortment (Mendel’s Second Law of Inheritance).
Postulate-I. Principles of Paired Factors:
A character is represented in an organism (diploid) by at least two factors. The two factors lie on the two homologous chromosomes at the same locus. They may represent the same (homologous, e.g., TT in case of pure tall pea plants) or alternate expression (heterozygous, e.g., Tt in case of hybrid tall pea plants) of the same character. Factors representing the alternate or same form of a character are called alleles or allelomorphs.
“When two homozygous individuals with one or more sets of contrasting characters are crossed, the characters which appear in the hybrids of F1 generation are always the dominant characters and those do not appear in F1 offspring’s are always the recessive characters”.
The two factors (alleles) of a trait which remain together in an individual do not get mixed up but keep their identity distinct, separate at the time of gametogenesis (i.e., gametes formation) or sporogenesis (i.e., spores formation), get randomly distributed to different gametes and then get paired again in different offspring’s as per the principle of probability. Since two alleles remain together in pure form without mixing, affecting or blending each other, the law of segregation is also known as “law of purity of gametes”.
After being satisfied with monohybrid crosses, Mendel took into consideration two pairs of contrasting characters and studied their inheritance (i.e., di-hybrid cross).
According to this law “the two factors (genes) of each contrasting character (trait) assort or separate independently of the factors of other characters at the time of gamete formation and get randomly rearranged in the offspring”.
Why mendal is known as father of genetics?
Gregor Mendel was the first to perform genetic experiments in a scientific way. Unfortunately, being a monk, he did not use scientifical ways to promote his findings. He published as a monk would do. His experiments were what people had done for at most 10,000 years before and what is known as "domestication". But whereas domestication serves other needs Mendel was the first to perform such experiments to the only purpose to gain insight into genetic processes.
Most findings of Gregor Mendel proved valid up to today, in spite of hughe investments in this area of research, already running for a century.
All these made him the father of genetics.
