Question

What are the main causes and impacts of population growth in India?

Answer 1

Instructions:

• Describe the causes of population growth
• List out the impacts of population growth

Solution:

1. Causes of population growth:
High birth rate:

• The major reasons for the high birth rate are early marriage and illiteracy.​
• ​Early marriage contributes to higher total fertility as women marrying earlier tend to have children earlier and bear more children over their lifetime.​
• Low literacy results in low awareness about the demerits of population growth. ​
• Other reasons for the high birth rate are religious and social attitudes, polygamy, poverty, tropical climate etc.

Low death rate:

• ​The major reasons for the low death rate are the spread of education and the control of epidemics.​ ​
• By spreading education, we can create awareness about health and nutrition among people.​
• By controlling life-threatening diseases, we can reduce the death rate​.
• Other reasons for the low birth rate are lower infant mortality and improved medical facilities.

2. Impacts of population growth:

• The rapid growth of the population has posed several problems.
• ​The most important among them are: - unemployment, environmental pollution, poverty, and political unrest.
• Others include shortage of food and malnutrition, the burden on civic and social amenities, low per capita income, slow economic development, low standard of living etc.