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Question

What are the main causes and impacts of population growth in India?

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Solution

Instructions:
  • Describe the causes of population growth
  • List out the impacts of population growth
Solution:

1. Causes of population growth:
High birth rate:
  • The major reasons for the high birth rate are early marriage and illiteracy.​
  • ​Early marriage contributes to higher total fertility as women marrying earlier tend to have children earlier and bear more children over their lifetime.​
  • Low literacy results in low awareness about the demerits of population growth. ​
  • Other reasons for the high birth rate are religious and social attitudes, polygamy, poverty, tropical climate etc.
Low death rate:
  • ​The major reasons for the low death rate are the spread of education and the control of epidemics.​ ​
  • By spreading education, we can create awareness about health and nutrition among people.​
  • By controlling life-threatening diseases, we can reduce the death rate​.
  • Other reasons for the low birth rate are lower infant mortality and improved medical facilities.
2. Impacts of population growth:
  • The rapid growth of the population has posed several problems.
  • ​The most important among them are: - unemployment, environmental pollution, poverty, and political unrest.
  • Others include shortage of food and malnutrition, the burden on civic and social amenities, low per capita income, slow economic development, low standard of living etc.

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