Question

What are the term: saturated solution and unsaturated solution?

Answer 1

Solution - A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

1. It consists of two components, solute, and solvent.
2. A component that is present in a large amount is called the solvent.
3. The component that is present in a lesser amount is called the solute.
4. Example: Salt solution (salt dissolved in water).

Depending on the amount of solute present, the solution may be classified as:

(a) Saturated solution:

1. A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature is called a saturated solution.
2. It corresponds to the maximum amount of solute dissolved at a particular temperature.
3. In this, the amount of solute is equal to the saturation level.
4. For example, when $45\mathrm{g}$ of sugar is added to water, $40\mathrm{g}$ dissolves and $5\mathrm{g}$ remains at the bottom forming a saturated solution.

(b) Unsaturated solution:

1. A solution in which the amount of solute is less than the saturation level is called an unsaturated solution.
2. More quantity of solute can be dissolved in a saturated solution at a given temperature.
3. In this, the amount of solute is less than the saturation level.
4. For example - when $35\mathrm{g}$ of sugar is added to water and all gets dissolved forming an unsaturated solution.