What do you understand by electromotive force (EMF) of cell? Calculate the electromotive force of the following cell : $C u | C u^{+ 2} (1 M) | | A g^{+} (1 M) | A g$

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Solution

The potential difference between the two electrodes of a cell when no current is drawn through the cell, is called electromotive force (emf) of the cell. it is due to the difference in reduction potential of the electrodes, that creates a potential difference.
Conventionally, cell is represented by writing Anode on the left and cathode on the right. Therefore, in terms of reduction reaction
$A n o d e : {C u}^{2 +} \to C u + 2 e^{-} + 0.34 V C a t h o d e : {A g}^{+} + e^{-} \to A g + 0.8 V$
Using,
$E_{c e l l} = E_{c a t h o d e} - E_{a n o d e} = 0.8 - 0.34 = 0.46 V$

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