Question

What does the process of DNA Replication necessitate?

Answer 1

DNA replication:

1. It is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.
2. It is a semiconservative model of replication because an existing DNA strand is used to create a new strand.

DNA replication process:

1. DNA replication necessitates that two DNA strands separate first into two individual strands.
2. Then these single strands could be used to synthesize new complementary strands.
3. DNA helicase, an enzyme is required to break bonds of the double-stranded DNA, and unwind the double helix.
4. Then, the ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) is converted into a double-stranded DNA nucleotide by nucleotide.
5. Replicative DNA polymerase enzymes catalyze these added nucleotides to the newly formed strand.
6. This happens by a selection of the accurate complementary nucleotide from a cluster of all the 4 nucleotides.
7. DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only in the 5’-3’ direction.
8. Hence DNA replication requires other enzymes in addition to DNA polymerase, including DNA primase, DNA helicase, DNA ligase, and topoisomerase.