Question 42
What is an ionic bond? With tw suitable examples the difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?
Ionic bond The bond formed. as a result of the electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions were termed as the electrovalent bond or ionic bond. e.g., the formation of NaCl from sodium and chlorine can be explained as
Na[Ne]3s1→Na+[Ne]+e−Cl[Ne]3s2p5+e→Cl−[Ne]3s23p6Na++Cl−→NaCl or Na+Cl−
Similarly, the formation of CaF2 may be shown as
Ca[Ar]4s2→Ca2+[Ar]+2e−F[He]2s22p5+e−→F−[He]2s22p6or[Ne] Ca2++2F−→CaF2 or Ca2+(F−)2
Covalent bond The bond formed between the two atoms by mutual sharing of electrons between them is called covalent bond. e.g., the formation of chlorine molecule can be explained as
Similarly, in the formation of HCl