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Extraction of Oils

What is commo...

Question

What is common to the following?

petrol diesel kerosene fuel oil

(a) All are by-products of petroleum.
(b) All are obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum.
(c) All of them are hydrocarbons.
(d) all the above

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Solution

(d) all the above

Petrol, diesel, kerosene and fuel oil are all hydrocarbons and by-products of petroleum, which are obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum.

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Q. In which temperature range Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene and lubricating oil is obtained in fractional distillation of Petroleum?

Q. distillation method is used to obtain petrol, kerosene and diesel from crude oil.

Q. Study the following table.

	Fraction	Number of Carbon	Temperature range
$(1)$	Gases	$C_{1}$ to $C_{4}$	$298$ K
$(2)$	Petrol	$C_{5}$ to $C_{10}$	$303$ K to $393$ K
$(3)$	Naphtha	$C_{8}$ to $C_{10}$	$393$ K to $453$ K
$(4)$	Kerosene	$C_{12}$ to $C_{15}$	$453$ K to $533$ K
$(5)$	Diesel	$C_{15}$ to $C_{18}$	$533$ K to $613$ K
$(6)$	Lubricating oil	$C_{16}$ to $C_{20}$	Above $613$ K

The table shows the products obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum and temperature range. From this give the right order of the product obtained?

Q. Fractional distillation column (image given below) is used to obtain fuel oil, petrol, and kerosene from crude oil. The boiling point of fuel oil is maximum while petrol is minimum. Identify the fractions A, B, and C on the basis of the boiling point?

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