Question

What is the lone pair effect?

Answer 1

1. Lone pair of electrons or non-bonded electrons are the electrons that do not take part in chemical bonding.
2. When non-bonded electrons around an atom in a molecule are entirely shared by another atom or an ion it is called the lone pair effect.
3. This leads to the formation of a coordinate bond.
4. For example - $\mathrm{HCl},{\mathrm{NH}}_3,{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ etc. show this effect.