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Conjugate Acids and Bases

What is meant...

Question

What is meant by the conjugate acid-base pair? Find the conjugate acid/base for the following species:
$H N O_{2}, C N^{-}, H C l O_{4}, F^{-}, O H^{-}, C O_{3}^{2 -}$ , and $S^{- 2}$

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Solution

A conjugate acid-base pair is a pair that differs only by one proton.
The conjugate acid-base for the given species is mentioned in the table below.

$\begin{matrix} S p e c i e s & C o n j u g a t e a c i d - b a s e H N O_{2} & N O_{2}^{-} (b a s e) C N^{-} & H C N (a c i d) H C l O_{4} & C l O_{4}^{-} (b a s e) F^{-} & H F (a c i d) O H^{-} & H_{2} O (a c i d) / O^{2 -} (b a s e) C O_{3}^{2 -} & H C O_{3}^{-} (a c i d) S^{- 2} & H S^{-} (a c i d) \end{matrix}$

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C H_{3} N H_{3}^{+} - C H_{3} N H_{2}

is a conjugate acid base pair. Reason:

H_{3} O^{+}

O H^{-}

is a conjugate acid base pair.

Q. Conjugate acid-base pair differ by:

Q. What are the conjugate acid and conjugate base respectively for the following reaction?

H_{2} O + H_{2} O ⟶ H_{3} O^{+} + O H^{-}

H_{2} O (l) b a s e + H_{2} O (x) (l) ⇋ H_{3} O^{+} (a q .) + O H^{-} (y) (a q .)

Here (x) and (y) refer to:

Q. In the reaction

N H_{3} + H_{2} O \to N H_{4}^{+} + O H^{-}

, the conjugate acid-base pair is:

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Conjugate Acids and Bases

Standard XII Chemistry

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